Category Archives: International

World War 3: Israeli defense ministry bombed, officials avoid using the phrase “terrorist act”. Tit for tat between Iran and Israel?

10 January 2013, the Israeli Defense Ministry building was ground zero for a car bomb explosion.  At least ten people wounded.

However, Israeli officials are avoiding calling it an act of terrorism, instead saying: “The main direction of suspicion is it was criminal.”-Micky Rosenfeld, Tel Aviv police

Witnesses say they saw someone on a motorcycle place a bomb on a Mazda parked near the building.  Is this a tit for tat between Israel and Iran?  After all, that’s how Israeli/U.S. agents in Iran have been killing Iranian nuclear scientists.

World War 3: U.S. occupation of Afghanistan; 29 December 2012 – 02 January 2013. Increased drone strikes proof the U.S. is losing the war? ANA attack Spanish troops! Cops kill wives! Pakistan attacks, again! Thousands of Afghan government troops used as human sacrifices for the United States! More proof it’s about the oil! More U.S. taxes wasted!

02 January 2013

A report says U.S. President Barack Obama authorized 450 drone (UAV) strikes in Afghanistan in 2012, double from the year before.  Afghans take it as proof the United States is losing the war: “Unfortunately, they think they can win this war by killing civilians. Actually, these attacks are revenges from the loss that the U.S. government has faced in Afghanistan.”-Mohammad Daoud Abedi, Afghan Nation Peace Council

In Herat Province, an Iranian man was found dead. Local police have given no details, other than he was a truck driver.  There has been an increase in the number of people being kidnapped in the province.

01 January 2013

In Herat Province, Karkh district, two Afghan National Army (ANA) officers attacked a Spanish/NATO military convoy. No one was hurt, and the ANA officers are missing.

In Kunduz Province, reports that two people were killed by U.S. led drone strike.

In Uruzgan Province, a local cop shot and killed his wife and teenaged son.  He is on the loose.  Local police officials say it was all over some kind of family argument.

Government officials in Sarkano district, Kunar Province, claim Pakistan fired 12 artillery rockets into their territory. One woman was killed, three children wounded.

According to icasualties.org, 309 U.S. personnel, 44 U.K. forces and 45 soldiers from other NATO/ISAF member countries were killed in 2012.  This is piddly when compared to how many puppet Afghan National Army troops died fighting for the United States: “We lost around one thousand and fifty of our hero soldiers in 2012….”-Zahir Azimi, Afghanistan Ministry of Defense

According to reports, more and more Afghan government officials are seeking asylum in the United States and United Kingdom/British Empire.  This year hundreds of Afghan  presidential palace employees, diplomats, reporters and journalists, athletes and students who’ve left Afghanistan have never returned.  Australia has been dealing with boat loads of refugees from Afghanistan.  The UN High Commission for Refugees said, this year, that Afghans make up the most people seeking asylum.  So much for the United States stabilizing Afghanistan in their War on Terror.

31 December 2012

2012 was a record year for Green on Blue attacks (Afghan government personnel attacking U.S. led NATO/ISAF personnel or contractors).  At least 46 U.S. led occupiers were killed in such attacks.  That’s 11 more than 2011.

In Samangan Province, a man serving time for killing three of his inlaws, killed his wife while she was visiting him in prison.  Prison officials believe the man was being motivated to commit the murders by his own mother. His mother had been telling him that his wife was having an affair.

In Daikundi Province, local government officials reporting a 50% increase in suicides among women.  The main reason is domestic violence.

Pakistan has released four more top Mujahideen leaders from prison. This comes at the request of the Afghan government. It’s part of demands by Mujahideen in order to continue with peace talks.

U.S. corporation, FMC Technologies, was just awarded the contract to build a oil/fuel refinery in the Amu Darya River basin, in the province of Jowzjan.  It is one of six oil fields in Afghanistan, discovered in 1930 by Swedish explorers.  The refinery is expected to put out 60,000 barrels of fuel everyday starting in Gregorian year 2015.  China is already a major player in Afghanistan’s budding oil industry.

30 December 2012

Near the Jalalabad airbase, in Nangarhar Province, a hidden bomb exploded.  The bomb was inside a fueler truck, in a convoy heading to the airbase. At least nine feulers were destroyed as they sat parked.  Jalalabad airbase is the second largest U.S. airbase in Afghanistan.

29 December 2012

ISAF said: “An International Security Assistance Force service member died following an improvised explosive device attack in southern Afghanistan.”

A Georgian/ISAF soldier who disappeared last week, was found dead.  No further info was issued.

The U.S. government has canceled the planed purchase of Italian made C-27 Spartan transport planes, for the Afghan air force.  Afghan government officials are happy: “Today we are very happy to hear the cancellation of the aircrafts purchase through the Italian corporation. The aircrafts are not usable by the Afghan Air Force anymore and we thank those who have taken this decision.”-Zahir Azimi, Afghanistan Ministry of Defense

U.S. taxpayers take note: Your government had already spent $600 million USD of your taxes on the C-27 for Afghanistan program!  Apparently the Afghan air force wants to continue to rely on their reliable Russian rotary wings and U.S. Cessna fixed wings.

Eight people, including four children, died due to being stuck in cold weather, after Pakistan closed the Torkham border gate.  Border police say thousands of people are stuck. Pakistan recently closed the border crossing in retaliation for Afghan border police harassing Pakistani citizens.

Iranian and Afghan education officials announced they will build a jointly run science/technology university in the near future.

Norovirus Update, 09 January 2013: Main stream media now reporting new strain, after I already did! Utah ground zero in United States! More deaths! Canada gets double whammy!

“It’s very fast moving and very contagious.”-Jennifer Robertson, Salt Lake Valley Health Department, Utah

09 January 2013, U.S. main stream media reporting that the cause of increased norovirus cases is a new version.  In December 2012 I reported that Japanese health officials reported a new strain that was sicken thousands of Japanese.  In March 2012 I warned that increased globalization of food markets could spread new diseases within the U.S. (mainly because the Federal government cut funding for Food & Drug Administration inspections of imported food).

The latest reports say the new version of norovirus was born in Australia, and it’s launch point in the U.S. is the Beehive State of Utah.  It’s called Genotype II.4 or Sydney 2012.

In Utah, at least 250 Mormon missionaries got sick at the missionary training camp. State health officials are investigating clusters of outbreaks.

In Oregon, reports that people visiting the zoo are getting sick. Beaver State health officials think that as many as 135 people got sick at the Oregon Zoo in Portland, back in December 2012. An independent media investigation revealed that the zoo’s restaurants avoided health inspections since 2006, through a loophole favoring state run businesses. To make matters worse, on 03 January 2013, health officials reported another outbreak in Portland. One hospital had 75 ER cases since December, and then four of their own doctors and a dozen nurses got sick.

And just because something is new, doesn’t mean it’s clean.  In Wyoming, Cowboy State health officials have linked a norovirus outbreak to a newly opened Golden Corral Buffet & Grill.  306 people were confirmed to be sick with the vomiting bug, in December 2012: “The real strong message is that there’s a definite, classic curve that shows that there was a point-source outbreak December 7th through 10th at Golden Corral restaurant.”-Robert Harrington, Casper-Natrona County Public Health Department

In California, two people died in Mill Valley, Marin County, after an outbreak last week.  On 08 January 2013, a private college prep school re-opened in Los Olivos, Santa Barbara County, after it closed twice, because of outbreaks.  The first outbreak took place on 26 November 2012, after a teacher in-service day.  The second outbreak occurred among students in December.

In Nevada, health officials admit that norovirus cases are so common there, that they don’t keep stats!  In Las Vegas, casino owners swear they keep track in order to prevent spreading it to other casinos.  One state health official says it ain’t no thing: “We don’t keep statistics on it because it is so common.”-Jennifer Sizemore,  Southern Nevada Health District

Health officials in the United Kingdom don’t think it ain’t no thing.  They predict a million more Brits will get sick, compared to last year.  They’ve also issued a warning regarding blood donors!  The result is a shortage of the O-, or universal blood type.  On 07 January 2013, there were reports that hospital ERs were so full that people were being treated in ambulances.

In Taiwan (Republic of China), the Taipei City Government Department of Health reported 2,100 emergency room cases last week.  That’s double from the same time last year!  Health officials say it’s almost a guarantee that if one family member gets sick, the whole family will be sick soon.

In Calgary and Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, hospitals are getting hit with a double whammy of norovirus and influenza.  Alberta Health Services reports hospitals are more than 100% occupancy.  Elective surgeries are being canceled due to concerns over infections.  Albertans are being asked to be more selective in seeking help: “We are looking to Albertans to educate themselves on the options available for their care to ensure they get the care they need quickly, and also to help reduce the pressures on our ERs during this season.”-William Dickout, Edmonton medical director

Back in the U.S. of A.  The Maine Center for Disease Control (MCDC) says it’s concerned about the flu/norovirus double whammy, as norovirus has spread from York County: “Norovirus is totally different from influenza. They are both happening in Maine right now, and you have to know a little bit about each one to protect yourself.”-Stephen Sears, MCDC

There is no treatment for norovirus, no vaccine, and your body does not develop immunity so you can get sick again and again and again….

Check my previous postings about norovirus.  You’ll notice most outbreaks involve hospitals.  You’ll also read about a recent study that says cleanliness might not have any affect on viruses (it’s actually the first study ever to investigate such claims).

 

 

Pacific Ring of Fire: Japan hit with record number of quakes in 2012 (not counting 2011), already big start to 2013!

For the end of Gregorian year 2012 Japan reported 3,134 “noticeable” earthquakes.  That’s about 1,000 more than the yearly average (from 2001 to 2010).

The Japan Meteorological Agency says 60% of the quakes are considered aftershocks of the 11 March 2011 disasters.  Of course, 2011 was the year Japan experienced the most noticeable quakes, with 10,000 being reported!

It looks like 2013 is starting out big.  From 01 January to 03 January 2013, Japan has already had 12 earthquakes, of magnitude 4+.  For the same three day period in 2012 there were five quakes.

Japan has its own earthquake rating system, different from the U.S. Geological Survey.

Money Changers in the Temple: Catholic Church goes Cash Only, caught breaking money laundering laws!

“A lot of tourists don’t have cash on them, so they have to get euros and don’t know where to get them.”-Fluger William Hunter, tourist from United States

The Catholic country of Vatican City is now cash only.  (Vatican City is the world’s smallest country)

All credit/debit card payments have been suspended, and ATMs have been shut down.

The Bank of Italy is taking the tough action against the Temple of the Western Christians, saying Vatican officials are disobeying European Union anti-money laundering laws.  Because of that no European Union member bank can conduct operations in Vatican City.

The Catholic Church does not have its own electronic banking system, and has been relying on outside banks for the service.

 

World War 3: U.S. occupation of Afghanistan; 25 – 28 December 2012. Attacks increasing! U.S. bombs Afghan government militias! Tit for tat increases with Pakistan. Cops keep attacking fellow cops! More waste of U.S. taxpayer money!

28 December 2012

Mujahideen claim wave of attacks in Kandahar Province.  In Shahwalikot district, battles raged since the day before. Mujahideen are not sure of how much damage they inflicted on enemy troops, but they think they blew up a U.S./NATO armored vehicle.  Also, in the same district a local cop joined the Mujahideen.  In Panjwaee district, a cop was sniped.  In Kandahar city, a police vehicle was blown up with a bicycle bomb, killing four and wounding one.  In Ghorak district, a police vehicle was blown up with a landmine.  In Hisark district, 15 U.S./NATO personnel were killed in a firefight.

Pakistan closed the Torkham gate on the border with Afghanistan, claiming two Pakistani truck drivers had been tortured by Afghan border police.  This was apparently in retaliation for Pakistani police harassing 29 Afghan truck drivers.  And that was in retaliation for Afghan harassment of Pakistani workers the week prior!

In another example of wasted U.S. taxpayer money; two Afghan women returned from the United States after receiving helicopter pilot training.  The problem is that the Afghan air force refuses to let the women do their jobs as pilots.  The two 2nd Lieutenants are the first female pilots for Afghanistan since the Soviet occupation in the 1980s.

Afghans are suing Germany over an airstrike that killed almost one hundred civilians, and wounded at least 142.  It happened in 2009, when German ground troops called in an airstrike on two fuelers that had been captured by Mujahideen.  USAF F-15 Eagles blew up the fuel trucks in a crowded part of Kunduz city.

Australia began officially withdrawing from Afghanistan.  They claim they will be out by the end of 2013.

27 December 2012

In Logar Province, Mujahideen claim heavy fighting.  Two U.S. led troops on foot patrol killed, and two wounded, using a remote detonated bomb.  They also claim to have killed two Afghan government troops when they blew up their vehicle.  A policeman was sniped by Mujahideen as well.

In Uruzgan Province, Mujahideen attacked a police checkpoint. Government reports say four cops killed, four wounded. Mujahideen claim six cops killed.  Reports say the attack was led by a local cop.

In Kunar Province,  Mujahideen are calling it the Battle of Kunar.  In Chapa Darah district, they claim to have killed seven enemy troops and blew up three vehicles.  In Manugi district, they claim to have killed three enemy troops, wounded dozens, and destroyed three vehicles.

26 December 2012

In Nangarhar Province, in Khogiyani district, U.S./NATO forces used helicopters to bomb Afghan government militia troops and local police, killing 15.  It happened during an intense battle with Mujahideen.  Apparently the U.S. led forces mistook the local government militia/cops as Mujahideen.  No comment from ISAF, so far.  Mujahideen say, “na, na, you missed me, you didn’t even touch me!”

In Faryab Province, in Dawlatabad district, Mujahideen attacked a police checkpoint chasing off the cops and taking two motorcycles and a supply truck.  In Chilgazi district, Mujahideen killed 10 Afghan National Army (ANA) troops, and captured one.

In Khost Province, Forward Operating Base (FOB) Chapman was hit by a car bomb: “Three Afghan nationals are killed and seven Afghan nationals are wounded. We have no report of coalition casualties right now.”-International Security Assistance Force (ISAF)

Afghan media reports say President Hamid Karzai has met with Mujahideen leaders.  He promised them he would take their complaints directly to U.S. President Barack Obama.

Afghan investigators say the police woman who killed a U.S. police contractor, is from Iran.  They say she came to Afghanistan ten years ago with her husband.  Although investigators are trying to blame the shooting on the fact that she’s originally from Iran, they have not found any links to Mujahideen.  The female cop said she did it to get vengeance for being sexually harassed.

France will offer asylum to Afghans that have worked for the French military.  French officials admit those Afghans who worked for the French military will not be safe once French troops leave Afghanistan.

Today was the 33rd anniversary of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.  The Soviets had advanced weapons, highly trained troops, much more firepower including air power, yet still lost.  They occupied Afghanistan (on their own, not with allies like the United states) for ten years.

25 December 2012 

In Kandahar Province, Panjwaee district, Mujahideen say they attacked a enemy foot patrol by ambush and landmines.  Two killed, one wounded. In Karez bazaar of Kandahar city, Mujahideen attacked a police check point with grenades. As government reinforcements arrived, Mujahideen attacked them with bombs. Six killed.  In Boldak district, three border police were killed, one wounded, when they drove over a landmine.

In Farah Province, three people were killed when they drove over a landmine.

In Helmand Province, in Bari Gul bazaar area of Nad Ali district, U.S./NATO forces raided a village. Three people were beat up then kidnapped.

In Paktika Province, an ANA soldier joined the Mujahideen.

Class Warfare: More proof Fiscal Cliff is a done deal to screw over taxpayers! End of part one in the ongoing Fiscal Cliff Hanger saga!

“We Republicans need to be willing to tolerate a temporary, partial government shutdown, which is what that could mean.”-Pat Toomey, U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania

“Go fuck yourself!”-John Boehner, Speaker of the House, reply to Harry Reid, Senate Majority Leader

“More remains to be done to put U.S. public finances back on a sustainable path without harming the still fragile recovery.”-Gerry Rice, International Monetary Fund (IMF), commenting on the so called fiscal cliff deal in the United States

“As the IMF have said, anything short of a deep and wide reaching resolution will not be good enough this time around.”Wayne Swan, Treasurer of Australia, commenting on the so called fiscal cliff deal in the United States

The so called budget agreement to avoid a fiscal cliff (austerity measures) is a total sham.  As I posted before, this fiscal cliff is a done deal.

Proof is the fact that there will be across the board 2% income/payroll tax increases for everyone, not just the wealthy!  So much for some of those states that recently raised their mandatory minimum wage levels (or maybe that’s why they raised it, they knew what was coming).

One small business owner said he can not afford to try and help his employees deal with the increased income tax by giving them a raise: “Any business that survived the recession did so by digging a big hole. We can’t dig any deeper.”-Mike Brey, Hobby Works

The 2% payroll tax increase comes as a temporary decrease on Social Security taxes ended with the first round of fiscal cliff BS.  That’s right, this is just first round.  Despite what the incompetent main stream U.S. TV media is reporting, there are more fiscal cliff hangers coming.

According to many economists, this latest deal does not cut spending enough, or at all, and the amount of increase in taxes is piddly, so the end result is deeper government debt.

Over the next two months there will be more fiscal cliff hangers, over the national debt ceiling, more taxes and government spending cuts.  Isn’t this what we’ve been seeing in several European countries in the past couple of years?

 

What Economic Recovery? Hewlett Packard on the ropes, and going down! Blames War on Terror!

“Terrorist acts, conflicts of wars (wherever located throughout the world) may cause damage or disruption to HP, our employees, facilities, partners, suppliers, distributors, resellers or customers or adversely affect our ability to manage logistics……..The potential for future attacks, the national and international responses……or wars, including ongoing military operations in Afghanistan, have created many economic and political uncertainties……actions against or by the United States may impact our business and employees.”-HP Form 10-K, Security & Exchange Commission report, 27 December 2012

Hewlett Packard filed a 10-K report with the U.S. SEC, and it’s full of what if scenarios, mostly bad scenarios.  Obviously the executives of HP are not positive about 2013.  Employees will continue to be shed: “The restructuring plan includes both voluntary early retirement programs and non-voluntary workforce reductions and is expected to result in 29,000 employees exiting the company by the end of the period [by the end of 2014].”   

HP is also dealing with trouble from competitors, dealers and divisions.

The U.S. Department of Justice is investigating HP’s claims that the executives of the British company Autonomy, lied about its financial situation. HP shelled out $11 billion USD for Autonomy in 2011!

After a challenge by IBM (International Business Machines) the U.S. Federal government will continue with a $543 million five year Department of Veterans Affairs contract with HP.

Despite Idaho voters rejecting a laptop for students proposition, HP was awarded a $180 million contract to provide the laptops, at least one week before the voting took place!!!

Skycom Tech, a business partner of Chinese company Huawei, tried to sell $1.72 million worth of HP communication equipment to an Iranian company, some say in violation of U.S./European sanctions.  The deal didn’t go through, but Huawei said: “Huawei’s business in Iran is in full compliance with all applicable laws and regulations including those of the UN, U.S. and EU….”

HP officials said: “HP’s distribution contract terms prohibit the sale of HP products into Iran…”

There are reports that HP is no longer directly selling printers on Amazon. Some analysts think it’s actually retaliation by Amazon, because HP’s new Cloud computing system is in direct competition with Amazon’s own computing system.

A report out of India says a state government is investigating HP’s claims of being able to supply 1,500,000 school laptops by a certain date.  If government officials don’t think HP can make the deadline they will split up the contract to other competitors:  “If HP is found to have insufficient capacity, then it could, accordingly, get a contract to supply a reduced quantity of laptops and the remaining quantity will be divided among the bidders ready to offer the quantity at the rate quoted by HP.”-Uttar Pradesh government statement

HP and General Motors (GM) are going after each other in court.  It involves GM’s recent decision to hire away from HP 3,000 employees, to start its own inhouse tech service. HP claims it’s more than coincidence that GM’s plans to dump HP (and IBM) as tech service providers come after GM hired several HP executives to run GM’s technology operations. HP said the initial 18 HP employees hired by GM resigned “en masse and without notice.”


World War 3: China, France and United States evacuating CAR. France and U.S. increase troop presence. IMF says it’s all about the oil, baby!

31 December 2012, Central African Republic (CAR) government forces are abandoning their capitol city, as rebel forces move in.  The most recent reports say the coalition of three rebel groups (known as Seleka) are one town away from victory.

U.S. President Barack Obama has informed Congress that he is sending 50 additional troops to help evacuate U.S. citizens.

China has evacuated about 300 citizens from CAR.  More are expected to leave in the next few days.

France has increased its troop presence to 400.  Officials say it’s only to help evacuate French citizens.

Reports say that the government of CAR has repeatedly asked France and the U.S. for help fighting the rebels, but got no response.

CAR has significant resources, like oil.  As recently as October 2012, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) stated that there is so much oil in central Africa that the expected revenues have the “….Power to Transform Countries of Central Africa”.

The IMF even published a policy book on it, called Oil Wealth in Central Africa: Policies for Inclusive Growth.  Six countries are talked about: Cameroon, Central African Republic (CAR), Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of Congo.

One IMF economist said that most of the governments are reluctant to adopt IMF policies regarding economic progress, and implies that those countries need some prodding: “…of all the countries that are in this region, none of them are fully compliant with EITI, the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative….” , “To some extent, there is a reluctance to move, because at the end of the day these are political choices…….We think that with greater awareness, and also particularly of the cost of what is not being achieved, these circumstances will change.”-Sharmini Coorey, IMF Institute for Capacity Development

 

 

 

Norovirus update, 31 December 2012: 1 million sick in U.K.! More deaths in Japan! More cruise ships hit hard! Hospitals refusing service! U.S. prisons getting hit! Mis-diagnosed as flu! New version found in California!

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is trying to find out what made at least 400 people sick, on two xmas time cruise ships.

Officials with the CDC suspect norovirus.  The latest cruise ship outbreaks took place on ships belonging to Cunard and Princess Cruises.

In Japan, people are still dying from norovirus.  In a third outbreak just in the Gregorian month of December, four more people have died.  This latest outbreak is taking place in a hospital in Yokohama.  At least 68 patients are sick, as well as  27 hospital staff.

In United Kingdom, more than one million people are confirmed sick with norovirus like symptoms (3,538 have so far been confirmed as norovirus by lab tests, which takes time), and hospitals are being shut down.  The vomiting bug (as it’s called in Britain) has shut down East Surrey Hospital, for the third time in the past two months!  U.K. is experiencing an 83% increase in norovirus cases, compared to the same time last year.  Just in the past two weeks 70 British hospitals have reported outbreaks! To make matters worse, an average of 5,000 health workers have been calling in sick everyday!  Health officials say it’s a little early for the vomiting bug: “The number of laboratory confirmed cases has risen once again as it appears that we have seen the rise in cases that usually begins in January start a little earlier than we normally expect.”-John Harris, Health Protection Agency

Back in the U.S.A., in Illinois officials are reporting norovirus outbreaks in prisons.  At least 140 inmates were sick in the Stateville Correctional Center in Joliet.  Prison officials say the first cases showed up on xmas day.

In Iowa, media in Sioux City are reporting that many cases of norovirus are being misdiagnosed as influenza. In fact, here in the U.S. norovirus is often incorrectly called “stomach flu”.  Another factor is that Iowa doctors and hospitals are not required to report cases of norovirus to state health officials!

A nurse in Maine explains the main differences between norovirus and influenza: “Basically the biggest difference between norovirus and the actual flu is that the norovirus causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. The actual flu that we all are vaccinated against every year is mostly respiratory in nature, with cough, aches, fever and chills. As far as numbers of cases, I cannot say exactly how much of either but will say that this is one of the busiest seasons I have seen in a while for both norovirus and the flu.”-Chris Reeder, York Hospital

In California, officials in San Luis Obispo County are reporting what they think is a new strain of norovirus. They are reporting three outbreaks in the past month. It’s thought to have come from Australia.   California has been dealing with norovirus outbreaks all year!  In October a middle school in Oak Park, Ventura County, saw at least 320 students out sick.  A pizza restaurant, in Contra Costa County, was shut down because of the vomiting bug back in June.  In July the Alisal Guest Ranch in the Santa Ynez Valley, Santa Barbara County, was investigated after customers got sick at the end of June.

In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, since September there have been one confirmed and five suspected outbreaks in several nursing homes.

In Michigan, Lansing area health officials are reporting 75 cases at a local retirement home.

There is no treatment for norovirus, no vaccine, and your body does not develop immunity so you can get sick again and again and again….

Check my previous postings about norovirus.  You’ll notice most outbreaks involve hospitals.  You’ll also read about a recent study that says cleanliness might not have any affect on viruses (it’s actually the first study ever to investigate such claims).