“The purpose of the Cope North exercise, held two to three times per year, is to enhance U.S. and Japanese air operations.”-GlobalSecurity.org

Until the recent signing of the trilateral military pact, Cope North war games were conducted by U.S. and Japanese air forces.  Now Australia joins the U.S. led Pacific Air Forces.

“….because of our unique training advantages Andersen AFB is also the preferred location to host numerous Department of Defense joint and combined exercises, most recently COPE NORTH, Pacific Air Forces premier trilateral exercise with the Japanese Self Defense Air Force and the Royal Australian Air Force.”-Colonel Randy Kaufman, Commander of the USAF 36th Operations Group at Andersen Air Force Base 

Andersen AFB is located on the U.S. Empire territory of Guam.